FORMAT SPECIFIER

FORMAT SPECIFIER

Ø  Format Specifiers in C language tells us which type of data to read and which type of data to print. It tells about the type of the data to be viewed.

Ø  It is also called as format code or control string.

Ø  There are several format specifiers available in printf.

Ø  The given below are some of the format specifiers used with printf in C program.

·        For integer data type the format specifier used with printf is %d

·        For float data type the format specifier used with printf is %f

·        For double data type the format specifier used with printf is %lf

·        For char data type the format specifier used with printf is %c

·        For string data type the format specifier used with printf is %s

Ø  The following is the list of format specifiers in C.

·        %d or %I or %n     For integers

·        %c                        For characters

·        %f                         For floating point values

·        %ld                       For long integer values

·        %lf                        For double type values

·        %s                        For char.arrays or strings

·        %x                        For hexa decimal values

·        %o                        For octal values

·        %u                        For unsigned integers

Ø  Format specifier is used in only 2 places:

1) In taking Input

2) In displaying Output

  §    Here is an example

                   int x=5;

                   printf( "%d", x );

             The Result will be

                             5

   §      What %d does is that it tells the function printf that the argument to be printed is a int type variable. .And x in function printf tells it to print the integer value from the variable named ‘x’.

§  Printing Out Characters

§  %c indicates to the printf() function that the argument to be printed is a character.

§  Let's first have a look at the program which prints out characters on the screen.

§  OUTPUT. The following is the output printed on the  screen:

Convert the value of c1 to character: A

Convert the value of c2 to character: a

Printing out characters on the screen.

  // Printing out characters 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main()

            {

                    char c1;

                    char c2;

                    c1 = 'A';

                    c2 = 'a';

printf("Convert the value of c1 to character: %c", c1);

printf("\nConvert the value of c2 to character: %c", c2);

getch();

 }